law enforcement

  • Johan WicklénJohan Wicklén, a prize-winning journalist for Sweden's public broadcaster SVT, published a book on the history of Swedish drugs policy titled Vi ger oss aldrig, or "We will never give way", subtitled: "This is what happened when Sweden lost the war on drugs". Generations of Swedes, Wicklén argues, have been through a process of indoctrination on drug use and drug policy, making it difficult for policy makers today to propose more rational, pragmatic solutions to the problem. Sweden's hardline stance on drugs was set in the late 1970s. "That's when the authorities formulated the idea of a drug-free society. That's when we were starting to distance ourselves from a lot of other countries. The policy is restrictive: that means that illegal drugs are not tolerated in any way."

  • La 'guerra contra las drogas' iniciada por el presidente de Filipinas, Rodrigo Duterte, está teniendo un impacto físico, emocional y económico en miles de niños por lo que el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU debería respaldar la apertura de una investigación independiente de los asesinatos y las violaciones contra menores que se han producido en el marco de la misma, reclama Human Rights Watch (HRW). En su informe 'Nuestra familia ya no está': El impacto de la 'guerra contra la 'guerra contra las drogas' en los niños en Filipinas, HRW detalla el sufrimiento de los niños que han perdido a sus padres o tutores, el impacto psicológico vivido y los problemas económicos que han venido aparejados al hecho de la muerte del cabeza de familia.

  • hr-declaration-smallThe Transnational Institute (TNI) has always believed in the need to find global answers to global problems, been a strong defender of multilateralism and an advocate of a well-functioning United Nations which stands as the guarantor of universal human rights. On the drugs question, our position is straightforward: drug control should respect human rights. An accessible but comprehensive primer on why TNI believes that human rights must be at the heart of any debate on drug control.

  • rolling jointsOver 97 per cent of drug-related cases decided by Mumbai courts in 2017 and 2018 involved possession for personal consumption, according to a study by Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy. Actor Rhea Chakraborty, arrested by Narcotics Control Bureau, faces similar charges. Cannabis accounted for 87 per cent of all arrests and convictions. Chargesheets in cases against small-time peddlers and consumers, most of them slum or street dwellers, are filed speedily. They result in nearly 100% conviction, thus presenting a rosy picture of enforcement in a state which tops in cases under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act in India. (See the study: Criminalisation leads to exploitation: The Mumbai story no one knows about | Study: Most held in drug cases are users & peddlers, not big suppliers)

  • Maltamalta cannabis flag has been rocked by the arrest of a local doctor, Andrew Agius, for distributing cannabis mere months after the island became the first in Europe to legalise the drug. Agius, 43, was arrested on March 10 and charged with drug trafficking for importing cannabis and selling it to his patients to relieve back pain. His lawyers have argued that the product contains a small amount of THC, the active content in cannabis, and is not a prohibited drug. The arrest has thrown into confusion Malta’s much-vaunted legalisation of cannabis, with NGOs and police unsure about what is illegal and what isn’t. On 14 December 2021, the Maltese parliament passed the controversial “Authority on the Responsible Use of Cannabis” Bill, with 36 votes in favour and 27 against.

  • belgium policeMore than a thousand immediate fines were levied in Belgium for possession of drugs during July alone, mainly at festivals, according to Justice Minister Vincent Van Quickenborne (Open VLD). The fines are calculated based on the variety and quantity of drugs found, with offenders required to pay immediately via QR code or bank transfer within a 15-day window. Violators possessing cannabis face potential fines up to 150 euros. Possession of ecstasy or similar synthetic drugs comes with a heightened fine of 300 euros. Unprecedentedly, cocaine possession can now give an instant fine of up to 1,000 euros.

  • La sanción del consumo o tenencia de drogas en lugares públicos, una infracción grave incluida en la Ley de Protección de la Seguridad Ciudadana, conocida popularmente como Ley Mordaza, experimentó un notable aumento durante el pasado año, según el Anuario Estadístico del Ministerio de Interior de 2018. En total, se impusieron 177.199 multas por esta causa, lo que supone un promedio de 485 al día y un incremento del 12% con respecto a las 157.694 registradas en 2017. La primera consecuencia del aumento del número de multas fue, evidentemente, el incremento de la recaudación, que en 2018 ascendió a 116,7 millones de euros.

  • spain cannabis cultivation mossosEl ministro del Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, junto al director de Centro de Inteligencia contra el Terrorismo y el Crimen Organizado, Manuel Navarrete, han presentado este martes un Plan Nacional de Actuación contra la Criminalidad Asociada a la Producción y Tráfico de Marihuana, cuando España ya encabeza la producción de esta droga a escala europea, tras haber casi duplicado a Países Bajos, hasta ahora los mayores productores. En lo que va de 2021 las fuerzas y cuerpos de seguridad se han incautado de más de tres millones de plantas. Un nuevo récord, que se supera año tras año en nuestro país y que denota las enormes dimensiones de un negocio ilícito.

  • Austria has a very complex system when it comes to its drug laws and regulations, but in short: no, cannabis is not legal in the alpine country. People are not allowed to consume, buy, sell, or grow the plant (growing it at home has some very strange specifications, such as it must never be allowed to bloom). However, since 2016, a person caught with a small quantity of cannabis could face only small charges, similar to traffic violations. The country’s constitutional court is evaluating a private petition by Paul Burger, a 26-year old Viennese. He was caught with a half-burned joint at the end of 2020 by two police officers in plain clothes.

  • us fbi crime statistics 2019Despite bipartisan calls to treat drug addiction as a public health issue rather than as a crime — and despite the legalization of marijuana in more states — arrests for drugs increased again last year. According to estimated crime statistics released by the F.B.I. in September, there were 1,654,282 arrests for drugs in 2018, a number that has increased every year since 2015, after declining over the previous decade. Meanwhile, arrests for violent crime and property crime have continued to trend downward. Drugs have been the top reason people have been arrested in the United States for at least the past 10 years, and marijuana has been the top drug involved in those arrests.

  • uk cannabis debate esLondon cannabis dealers would welcome the legalisation of their trade, despite apprehension that they would be excluded from enjoying the fruits of the process and lose their livelihood. This was one of the key findings of a research project by London Metropolitan University and the Evening Standard in which two criminologists carried out interviews with cannabis dealers to glean their views on legalisation. Two dealers described dual cannabis markets, one for “pure weed” smoked by the older generation and another for skunk, smoked by young people. They were adamant that high-potency skunk should not be legalised as it was a contributing factor to street violence and mental illness, despite skunk being “more profitable”. (See also: 50 arrests as police swoop on 'cannabis cafe' in east London)

  • Japan has seen a sharp increase in marijuana possession arrests, especially among teenagers and people in their 20s, prompting warnings of drug-related issues typically associated with the more tolerant West. But the number remains relatively low for a country of more than 127 million people. National Police Agency figures show 3,008 people were arrested on marijuana changes in 2017, up almost 20 per cent from 2,536 cases in 2016. The spike marks a new record for the largely drug-intolerant country and comes as arrests for hallucinogenic substances are declining – apparently due to a police crackdown on “dangerous drugs”.

  • colombia dosis minima policiaEl presidente Iván Duque firmó en el 2018 el decreto que le permitió a Policía decomisar drogas en las calles, sin importar la cantidad, a todos aquellos que no puedan demostrar su adicción. En un país donde está despenalizada la dosis mínima, la medida causó controversia y más cuando venía acompañada de normas que permitían multar a quienes estuvieran consumiendo en la vía pública. A dos años de su implementación y miles de ciudadanos multados, el decreto agoniza tal como lo anticiparon los pronósticos. Aunque ninguna autoridad judicial lo ha tumbado, dos fallos de las altas cortes le quitaron fuerza al punto que hoy es prácticamente inaplicable. (Véase también: Policía decomisará dosis mínima solo si se está vendiendo: Consejo de Estado)

  • kazakhstan cannabis field2Lawmakers in Kazakhstan have demanded that police crack down on what they say is the rampant cannabis-growing industry in the south of the country. Addressing the head of the Interior Ministry, the deputies noted that they were concerned that the strain of the plant being cultivated in the Kyzylorda region, Cannabis indica, is five times more powerful than the native variety that grows wild. Vladimir Volkov said he was concerned at the steep rise of criminality in the region. Over five years, 84 drug plantations have been discovered. The illegal business appears to be attracting not just organized crime but also regular rural inhabitants. Local prosecutors say that the tolerance for the consumption of drugs complicates the work of police officers as nobody is willing to report criminal offenses.

  • cocaine seizureExpertos e informes en América y Europa coinciden en este punto: los carteles-monopolio al estilo Pablo Escobar, que organizaban toda la operación desde la plantación a la distribución, no eran estructuras preparadas para sobrevivir en el tiempo. Desde que los grandes carteles colombianos se empezaron a fragmentar en los años noventa, el negocio del tráfico se fue dislocando y tercerizando. A partir de entonces, campesinos, fabricantes, empresarios, transportistas, aduaneros, pilotos, marineros, buzos, policías, militares, peones y vendedores al menudeo forman los eslabones de una cadena que, al cerrarse, hacen que la cocaína de los Andes llegue a cualquier destino del mundo. Y lo hacen de forma compartimentada, autónoma.

  • La ministra de Seguridad, Sabina Frederic, publicó un informe sobre la política de persecución e incautación de marihuana, cocaína y drogas sintéticas por parte de las cuatro fuerzas federales durante la gestión de Patricia Bullrich en el que se revela que el 80 por ciento de los operativos fue contra consumidores o pequeños vendedores. Esa política se reflejó, en tres de los cuatro años de gestión, en un aumento de operativos y una baja de la cantidad de sustancias secuestradas. El informe señala con datos precisos que más operativos no representan mejores resultados. En 2019 solo en el 7% de los operativos incautaron más de 100 gramos de marihuana.

  • spain dinafem plantsUna operación conjunta de Guardia Civil y Agencia Tributaria, a instancias del Juzgado de Instrucción 6 de la Audiencia Nacional y su Fiscalía Antidroga, ha intervenido uno de los mayores bancos de semillas de cannabis de España, Dinafem, que exporta a veinte países con un volumen de ventas que en 2019 alcanzó los 18 millones de euros. La intervención ha dejado descolocado a un pujante sector que considera totalmente legal su actividad, amparándose en la Convención Única sobre Estupefacientes de la ONU que excluye a las semillas de la fiscalización de estupefacientes y en un extenso informe de un fiscal del Tribunal Supremo que ratificó en 2003 esa doctrina en nuestro país.

  • albert tio2La paradoja de los clubs cannábicos CSC) en España es que resulta más seguro acudir al mercado negro a adquirir la marihuana que van a consumir sus socios que cultivarla. Tener plantaciones propias implica exponerse a sufrir operaciones policiales y juicios por tráfico de drogas o robos por parte de mafias –cada vez más poderosas y violentas– que han arraigado en el Estado para producir y exportar desde aquí cannabis al resto de Europa, donde cada gramo multiplica su valor. Los clubs claman por una regulación de su actividad que frene un mercado negro que, según los propios Mossos d’Esquadra, se ha convertido en una amenaza para la paz social en Catalunya por su capacidad de tentar y corromper a los poderes públicos.

  • czech cannabis point prahaAlgunos turistas tienen la impresión de que Praga es la capital del cannabis de Europa. Pero las apariencias engañan. Estos productos contienen como máximo un 1% de la  sustancia psicoactiva tetrahidrocannabinol (THC), que contienen las flores y las hojas de la planta de cáñamo y que hace del cannabis un narcótico. Todos productos ilegales en la República Checa si contienen más de un 1% de THC. La posesión de hasta diez gramos de marihuana, hachís o aceite de cannabis se castiga como "infracción” en la República Checa. Lo mismo ocurre con el cultivo de hasta cinco plantas de cannabis. La multa por este tipo de infracciones puede ser de hasta 500 euros. Unas 20.000 personas son condenadas cada año.

  • The contrast between the vibrant green of a cannabis field and the arid land nearby in Lebanon's Bekaa valley has for years raised a dilemma for the area's impoverished farmers. Cannabis is hardier, less thirsty and cheaper to grow than the region's other main crops like apples and potatoes, but it is also illegal - for now. Parliament will consider legalising its growth for medicinal use, but in the Bekaa, some people are unconvinced there will be a meaningful change. "It is like giving a dog a bone because people are hungry and can't bear it any more," said a cannabis farmer. "But whether they legalize it or not, the most important thing is to give an amnesty," he said. Farmers face prison terms of five years. (See also: How good is Lebanese cannabis? Scientists seek herbal remedies)